GSM BASED SYSTEM DESIGN FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION

INTRODUCTION

This project is based on VTU syllabus. The proposed system is based on ATMEL 89S52 µcontroller that is in our syllabus.

For doing this project we use some of the software like

v  Embedded C for programming the application software to the microcontroller.

v  Protel schematic software is used for designing the circuit diagram for this project.

v  Express PCB software is used for designing the PCB for this project.

(Since PCB making is a big process and involves lot of machineries, which are expensive, we are going to outsource this to the manufacturer.)

ABSTRACT:

Now a day there is a lot of burglary happening across the city, the reason behind that is police can’t make out the exact location of burglary for example if burglary is happening inside any area in the city, police will get information after the incident had happened, and then they can’t find out the  way the thieves had went. Now so many alarm system and security systems are emerging in our markets using high-tech techniques, but in our design we are implementing a home automation and security systems using GSM,GSM is one of the latest mobile technology using smart MODEM which can easily interfaced to embedded microcontrollers. Now everything is going to be automated using this technology, using this technology we can access the devices remotely. Using GSM and GPS now we can identify the people, vehicles etc in any where of the world.

        In this project there will be sensors inside the home, if any body comes forcibly to home the sensors output will give information to the system that somebody had came, then it will send the SMS to the owners mobile or make a call to police.

COMPONENTS USED:

v  Power Supply 5v DC  -           7805   

v  Microcontroller                       -           89C51Atmel (www.Atmel.Com)

v  Crystal                         -           11.0592MHz

v  Memory                       -           Atmel 24C04 4k EEPROM                                       

v  LCD                            -           Liquid Crystal Display 2X16

v  MAX232                     -           Serial Communication

v  Buzzer                         -           Freq-1 to 18khz.Volt-5v-12vDC

v  Relays

v  Smoke sensor

v  PIR sensor

v  Panic switches

v  GSM Transmitter and Receiver (MODEM)

SOFTWARES USED:

v  Embedded C.

WORKING PRINCIPLE:

HOME AUTOMATION:

The device consists of GSM modem, microcontroller, sensors, relays, memory and display. If the user wants to control some devices in his house he/she have to send the SMS indicating the operation of the device and then the system password, while the MODEM embedded with the system microcontroller receives SMS.the microcontroller will read SMS and check for the password the user had sent with the SMS, the passwords are stored in memory, so the microcontroller will read the password from memory and compares with the message password. If the password is correct then it will check whether the message is for switch ON or OFF the devices. According to the received message the controller will switch on / off the relays.

        The device is password controlled, therefore only the people who know the device password is capable to control the device.

HOME SECURITY:

      In the security systems the device is connected to sensors like PIR sensors, smoke sensors etc.when some body had entered home forcibly for ex the PIR sensor connected to the door will detect the presence of person, and it will give an interrupt to the microcontroller. then according to the program load in flash the controller will find out from which sensor the interrupt had came, then it will sent SMS to the owners mobile or police by retrieving the phone numbers from memory.(the owners mobile number and police number is stored in memory)

BLOCK DIAGRAM

RECEIVER:

TRANSMITTER:

COMPONENT DETAILS:

Power supply:

The microcontroller and other devices get power supply from AC to Dc adapter through 7805, 5 volts regulator. The adapter output voltage will be 12V DC non-regulated. The 7805/7812 voltage regulators are used to convert 12 V to 5V/12V DC

	Vital role of power supply in ‘GSM BASED SYSTEM DESIGN FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION’

The adapter output voltage will be 12V DC non-regulated. The 7805/7812 voltage regulators are used to convert 12 V to 5V/12V DC.

Micro controller-AT89S52

The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry- standard 80C51 instruction set and pinout.

Features:

8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory

Endurance: 1000 Write/Erase Cycles

4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range

256 x 8-bit Internal RAM

32 Programmable I/O Lines

Full Duplex UART Serial Channel

Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz

Vital role of micro controller in ‘GSM BASED SYSTEM DESIGN FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION’

      In the security system the micro controller is programmed in such a way that if somebody had entered in home with out permission the sensors will detect and gives an interrupt to the microcontroller, if the controller is interrupted it will give commands and user number to the modem to sent the alert SMS to the owner mobile.

LCD is connected to microcontroller as 4 bit data mode, before displaying anything in LCD Initialization have to do ,so microcontroller will  control the LCD initialization  and select the data register and command register according to the purpose.

       Memory is connected to microcontroller using two pins, it is communicating with the microcontroller through I2C communication.

Relay and buzzer is controlled by the microcontroller using single pins, Ie giving high means device will switch on and vice versa. Sometimes it may be interchange according to the transistor used to drive the device.

LCD (LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY)

LCD’s can add a lot to your application in terms of providing an useful interface for the user, debugging an application or just giving it a "professional" look. The most common type of LCD controller is the Hitachi 44780 that provides a relatively simple interface between a processor and an LCD. Inexperienced designers do often not attempt using this interface and programmers because it is difficult to find good documentation on the interface, initializing the interface can be a problem and the displays themselves are expensive.        

LCD has single line display, Two-line display, four line display. Every line has 16 characters.

Vital role of LCD in this project ‘GSM BASED SYSTEM DESIGN FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION’

LCD is connected to microcontroller as 4 pins for data and a single pin for register select and enable,

            Using microcontroller does LCD initialization, before initialization the LCD have to wait for 30 ms delay.

            The main application of LCD in this project is to display the status of MODEM, status of sensor etc.for example if the microcontroller is initializing the MODEM, if any case MODEM failed to initialize the user don’t know what is happening in the system, so we are using the LCD to display the status.

RS 232 CONVERTER (MAX 232N)

This is the device, which is used to convert TTL/RS232 vice versa.

RS-232Protocol

RS-232 was created for one purpose, to interface between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Communications Equipment (DCE) employing serial binary data interchange. So as stated the DTE is the terminal or computer and the DCE is the modem or other communications device. RS-232 pin-outs for IBM compatible computers are shown below.  There are two configurations that are typically used: one for a 9-pin connector and the other for a 25-pin connector

.

Voltage range

The standard voltage range on RS-232 pins is _15V to +15V. This voltage range applies to all RS-232 signal pins. The total voltage swing during signal transmission can be as large as 30V. In many cases, RS-232 ports will operate with voltages as low as _5V to +5V. This wide range of voltages allows for better compatibility between different types of equipment and allows greater noise margin to avoid interference.
Because the voltage swing on RS-232 lines is so large, the RS-232 signal lines generate a significant amount of electrical noise. It is important that this signal does not run close to high impedance microphone lines or audio lines in a system. In cases where you must run these types of signals nearby one another, it is important to make sure that all audio wires are properly shielded.

The main role of the RS232 chip is to convert the data coming for the 12-volt logic to

 5 volt logic and from 5 volt logic to 12 volt logic

Vital role of RS232 Converter (Max 232n) in ‘GSM BASED SYSTEM DESIGN FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION’ RS 232 CONVERTER is a chip to convert the TTL voltage levels into RS 232 level and vice versa, Maxim Corporation develops this chip.

        In this project MODEM is communication with the microcontroller through serial port, the microcontroller will send the commands to the modem through RS 232.and the data is read through serial port therefore to make compatible computer serial port with microcontroller serial port we are using the RS 232 converter.

External EEPROM memory (2Kbytes)

These memory devices are used to store the data for off line process. The AT24C02A provides 2048bits of serial electrically erasable and programmable read only memory (EEPROM) organized as 256words of 8 bits each. The device is optimized for use in many industrial and commercial applications where low power and low voltage operation are essential. The AT24C02Ais available in space saving 8-pin PDIP.

Features

Internally Organized 256 x 8 (2K),

2-Wire Serial Interface (I2C protocol)

High Reliability

– Endurance: 1 Million Write Cycles

– Data Retention: 100 Years

–     ESD Protection: >3000V

Vital role of memory in ‘GSM BASED SYSTEM DESIGN FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION’

     EEPROM memory is electrically erasable programmable memory, it is communicating with the microcontroller using 12C communication.ie it contains one data pin and clock pin, these device is connected as slave to the microcontroller. the main application of memory in these project is to store the telephone numbers of user /police, in case if somebody had entered into the home microcontroller will send the commands to the modem with the user phone number, the number is read from the memory by the microcontroller.

PIR Sensors

Pir sensor (Passive infra red sensor) is used to detect the movement.

Vital role of PIR sensor in ‘GSM BASED SYSTEM DESIGN FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION’

Sensor is used to detect the movement, if any body open door forcibly the sensor will give output to microcontroller.

Smoke sensor

Smoke sensor (Passive infra red sensor) is used to detect the presence of smoke.

Vital role of Smoke sensor in ‘GSM BASED SYSTEM DESIGN FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION’

Sensor is used to detect the smoke.

GSM modem (900/1800 MHz)

Semen’s GSM/GPRS Smart Modem is a multi-functional, ready to use, rugged unit that can be embedded or plugged into any application. The Smart Modem can be controlled and customized to various levels by using the standard AT commands. The modem is fully type-approved, it can speed up the operational time with full range of Voice, Data, Fax and Short Messages (Point to Point and Cell Broadcast), the modem also supports GPRS (Class 2*) for spontaneous data transfer.

 

Description of the interfaces

The modem comprises several interfaces:

-          LED Function including operating Status

-          External antenna ( via SMA)

-          Serial and control link

-          Power Supply ( Via 2 pin Phoenix ^tm  contact )

-          SIM card holder

 

LED Status Indicator

The LED will indicate different status of the modem:

-          OFF                             Modem Switched off

-          ON                              Modem is connecting to the network

-          Flashing Slowly          Modem is in idle mode

-          Flashing rapidly          Modem is in transmission/communication (GSM only)

Vital role of GSM modem in ‘GSM BASED SYSTEM DESIGN FOR INDUSTRIAL 

AUTOMATION’

GSM is one of the latest mobile technologies using smart MODEM, which can easily interfaced to embedded microcontrollers. Now everything is going to be automated using this technology, using this technology we can access the devices remotely. Using GSM and GPS now we can identify the people, vehicles etc in any where of the world.

MODEM is communicating with the microcontroller using AT commands, for example if we want to send an SMS to number 98xxxxxxxxx,the commands we have to send is AT+CMGS=”<98xxxxxxxxxx>”, <enter>, <message>, <ctrl-Z>.

               In this project it is used to send SMS to the owners mobile when somebody entered the home without permission.

APPLICATIONS OF THIS PROJECT:

v  Home automation

v  Office automation.

FUTURE ENHANCEMENT:

       In this project in future we can add a multimedia camera to see what is going inside the home by sitting in office or somewhere.